 Pharmacists have gained () in many parts of the United States to administer immunizations, sometimes with a prescription from a physician, but often just at the request of the patient, and are making it a routine part of offered services.

 Pharmacists can () and model behaviors to mitigate threats that are high risk to public health, such as anthrax, botulism, plague, and smallpox, as well as currently emerging diseases spread by viral and bacterial vectors, such as Zika, HIV, influenza (e.g., H1N1), and coronaviruses