Questions 22 and 23
: A newspaper article reported that "Children who routinely compete in
vigorous after-school sports on smoggy days are three times more likely to get asthma than their
non-athletic peers." (
Sacramento Bee
, Feb 1, 2002, p. A1)
22.
Of the following, which is the most important additional information that would be useful
before making a decision about participation in school sports?
a.
Where was the study conducted?
b.
How many students in the study participated in after-school sports?
c.
What is the baseline risk for getting asthma?
d.
Who funded the study?
23.
The newspaper also reported that "The number of children in the study who contracted
asthma was relatively small, 265 of 3,535." Which of the following is represented by
265/3535 = .075?
a.
The overall risk of getting asthma for the children in this study.
b.
The baseline risk of getting asthma for the “non-athletic peers” in the study.
c.
The risk of getting asthma for children in the study who participated in sports.
d.
The relative risk of getting asthma for children who routinely participate in vigorous
after-school sports on smoggy days and their non-athletic peers.
Questions 24 to 26:
The following histogram shows the distribution of the difference between
the actual and “ideal” weights for 119 female students. Notice that percent is given on the
vertical axis. Ideal weights are responses to the question “What is your ideal weight”? The
difference = actual
−
ideal. (
Source
:
idealwtwomen
dataset on CD.)
24.
What is the approximate shape of the distribution?
a.
Nearly symmetric.
b.
Skewed to the left.
c.
Skewed to the right.
d.
Bimodal (has more than one peak).
25.
The median of the distribution is approximately
a.
−
10 pounds.
b.
10 pounds.
c.
30 pounds.
d.
50 pounds.