10
b. Lincomycin
c. Tetracycline
d. Streptomycin
e. Chloramphenicol
(e) memorize
34. Each of the following is a side effect of prolonged tetracycline
hydrochloride therapy EXCEPT:
a. Suprainfection
b. Photosensitivity
c. Vestibular disturbances
d. Discoloration of newly forming teeth
e. Gastrointestinal symptoms (when administered orally)
(c) memorize
36. Colitis that results following clindamycin therapy is caused by an
overgrowth of
a.
C. dificile
b.
Staph aureus
c.
Pseudomonas
d.
Candida albicans
(a) memorize
Antibiotics, Miscellaneous
37. Which antibiotic is appropriate for premedication in the penicillin
allergic patient?
a.
Cephalexin
b.
Clindamycin
c.
Erythromycin
d.
Amoxicillin
e.
Ampiciilin
(b) clindamycin is the current recommendation. Erythromycin
used to be, so if you get a question that doesn’t include
clindamycin as an answer, look for erythromycin. Cephalexin
might be a choice, but there is the issue of cross-allergencicity,
and it must certainly be avoided in the anaphylactic patient.
Amoxicillin and ampicillin are penicillins!
38. Acyclovir is useful for treating
a.
Candidiasis
b.
Colitis
c.
Herpes simplex
d.
HIV
e.
ANUG
(c) always think used for herpes as the first answer
38. A distinct advantage that tetracyclines have over penicillins is that
tetracyclines
a. Have no side effects
b. Do not cause superinfections
c. Are safer to use during pregnancy
d. Have a wider range of antibacterial activity
e. Produce higher blood levels faster after oral administration
(d) broad spectrum vs. narrow spectrum. Tetracyclines certainly
have more side effects than penicillin, and are certainly one of
the antibiotics to avoid during pregnancy.
39. Which of the following has the broadest antimicrobial spectrum?
a. Vancomycin (Vancocin )
b. Clindamycin (Cleocin )
c. Erythromycin (Erythrocin )
d. Chlortetracycline (Aureomycin )
e. A third generation cephalosporin
(d) Answer is (d)- remember, tetracyclines are broad spectrum
antibiotics effective against both gram-negative and gram-
positive cocci and bacilli. Clindamycin has a spectrum of activity
similar to erthyromycin and vancomycin, which is less than that
of the tetracylines, mainly affecting gram-positive
microorganisms. Ist generation cephalosporins are effective
against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, but
the third generation ones have increased activity against gram-
negative but greatly decreased activity against gram-positive
microorganisms.
40. Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergistic bacteriostatic agents
because in bacteria they
a. Both inhibit folic acid synthesis
b. Interfere sequentially with folinic acid production
c. Are both antimetabolites of para-aminobenzoic
d. Are both inhibitors of dihydrofolic acid reductase
e. Are both transformed
in vivo
into a single active compound
(b)
41. Which of the following substances is the most effective agent against
fungus infections of the mucous membrane?
a. Nystatin ointment
b. Undecylenic acid
c. Polymyxin ointment
d. Saturated magnesium sulfate
e. 10 per cent aluminum chloride solution
(a)
42. The most desirable property of an antibiotic when used to treat an
odontogenic infection is
a.
Rapid absorption
b.
Little allergenicity
c.
Ability to achieve and maintain adequate concentrations at the
site of infection
d.
Lack of significant binding to plasma proteins
e.
No effects on drug metabolism
(c) if it can’t do this it isn’t going to be very effective.
14. Nystatin is of greatest clinical usefulness in treating
a. viral infections
b. fungal infections
c. spirochetal infections
d. Bacterroides infections
e. penicillin resistant gram positive infections
(b) Nystatin is the prototypic antifungal agent, thus (b) is the
most obvious 1st choice, and eliminates (a). (d) & (e) require an
antibiotic, not an antifungal
42. Which of the following drugs chelates with calcium?
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