A
– arise from T lymphoblasts; B – are able to recognize foreign antigens presented by
macrophages; C
– secrete interleukins; D – secrete antibodies; E – stimulate B cell
differentiation.
Directions
: one or more of the given statements or completions is/are correct. Choose the
answer: A
– if only 1,2, and 3 are correct; B – if only 1 and 3 are correct; C – if only 2 and
4 are correct; D
– if only 4 is correct; E – if all are correct.
12. Antigen-dependent differentiation of lymphocytes takes place in the following
organs:
(1) spleen (2) tonsils (3) lymph nodes (4) appendix
13. The following statements regarding the lymph nodes are true:
(1) are located along the lymphatic vessel pathway (2) their stroma consists of
epithelioreticular cells (3) filtrate lymph (4) provide antigen-independent development of
lymphocytes
14. The following statements regarding the lymph node medulla are true:
(1) contains medullary sinuses (2) contains medullary cords (3) its cords possess
numerous plasma cells, macrophages, and lymphocytes (4) is a T-dependent zone
15. In the nasal and oropharyngeal infections, the cervical lymph nodes undergo
enlargement due to:
(1) edema (2) lymph volume increase (3) inflammation of lymph nodes (4) lymphocyte
proliferation in response to antigens
16. The following statements regarding the spleen are true:
(1) its capsule and trabeculae contain smooth muscle cells (2) is able to accumulate large
volumes of red blood cells (3) contraction of its capsule and trabeculae returns stored red
blood cells into circulation (4) has the cortex and the medulla
17. The following statements regarding the marginal zone of the spleen are true:
(1) is a region between the red pulp and the white pulp (2) contains T and B lymphocytes
(3) contains small sinuses located in the periphery of lymph nodules (4) contains the
central artery
18. The following statements regarding the splenic circulation are true:
(1) splenic arterioles continue into capillaries of two types: open and closed (2) closed
capillaries continue into venous sinuses (3) open capillaries empty directly into the red
pulp (4) the red pulp filtrates blood and extracts antigens from it
19. The Immune functions of the spleen are as follows:
(1) antigen removal from blood (2) antigen-dependent differentiation of lymphocytes (3)
antibody production (4) blood storage
20. The hematopoietic functions of the spleen are as follows:
(1) blood cell formation during fetal life (2) destruction of aged, abnormal erythrocytes and
platelets (3) blood storage (4) antibody production
21. The macrophage participation in the immune response consists in:
(1) secretion of lymphokins stimulating lymphocyte proliferation (2) presentation of
antigens to lymphocytes (3) elimination of the antigen-antibody complex (4) antibody
production
22. The immediate performers in the graft rejection reaction are the following cells:
(1) T suppressor cells (2) T helper cells (3) T memory cells (4) T killer cells
14. ENDOCRINE ORGANS
Directions
: each of the following statements contains five suggested completions. Choose
the one that is best in each case.