A
– is devoid of the internal and external elastic membranes; B – contains few elastic
elements; C
– blood vessels supply all its layers; D – its tunica media is thicker than the
tunica adventitia; E
– its tunica intima may possess valves.
8. Each of the following statements concerning the endocardium is true, EXCEPT:
A
– includes endothelium and subendothelial layer; B – contains middle layer of elastic
fibres and smooth muscle cells; C
– is supplied by diffusion; D – possesses blood vessels;
E
– has a deeper layer of connective tissue.
9. The myocardium consists of the following structures, EXCEPT:
A
– typical cardiac muscle cells; B – atypical cardiac muscle cells of the impulse-
conducting system; C
– abundance of adipose tissue; D – blood vessels; E – connective
tissue.
10. Each of the following statements concerning the epicardium is true, EXCEPT:
A
– it is the internal sheet of the pericardium; B – consists of mesothelial cells and
underlying connective tissue; C
– contains blood vessels and nerves; D – is supplied by
diffusion; E
– contains adipose tissue.
11. Each of the following statements concerning the heart valves is true, EXCEPT:
A
– have the central core of fibrous tissue; B – their surfaces are covered with
endothelium; C
– fibrous cords extend from the valve free edge to papillary muscles; D –
prevent blood backflow; E
– possess their own blood vessels.
12. Each of the following statements concerning the impulse-conducting system is
true, EXCEPT:
A
– consists of atypical cardiac muscle cells; B – contains neurons; C – includes the
sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes; D
– includes the bundle of His and Purkinje fibres; E
– generates and conducts impulses for cardiac muscle.
13. Each of the following statements concerning the lymphatic capillaries is true,
EXCEPT:
A
– have a continuous basal lamina; B – are formed by endothelial cells; C – drain most
tissues; D
– are “blind-ending tubules”; E – anchoring filaments extend between the
lymphatic endothelium and the perivascular collagen.
14. Each of the following statements concerning large lymphatic vessels is true,
EXCEPT:
A
– are similar to venules in structure, but have a larger lumen; B – lack valves; C – return
lymph to the venous system; D
– their thin walls make it difficult to distinguish tunics; E –
lymph moves due to compression of lymph vessels by adjacent skeletal muscles.
Directions
: one or more of the given statements or completions is/are correct. Choose the
answer: A
– if only 1,2, and 3 are correct; B – if only 1 and 3 are correct; C – if only 2 and
4 are correct; D
– if only 4 is correct; E – if all are correct.
15. The vascular tunica intima consists of:
(1) endothelium on the basal lamina (2) subendothelial connective tissue layer (3) internal
elastic membrane (mainly in arteries) (4) circular layer of smooth muscle cells
16. The following statements regarding the vascular tunica media are true:
(1) consists of circular layers of smooth muscle cells (2) contains a variable amount of
elastin (mainly in arteries) (3) contains reticular fibres and proteoglycans secreted by
smooth muscle cells (4) is relatively thick in arteries and relatively thin in veins
17. The following statements regarding the vascular tunica adventitia are true:
(1) consists of loose connective tissue (2) contains blood vessels and nerves (3) is
separated from the tunica media by the external elastic membrane (mainly in arteries) (4)
is relatively thin in arteries and relatively thick in veins
18. The following statements regarding the artery structure are true:
(1) the tunica media is its thickest layer (2) possesses the internal and external elastic
membranes (except elastic type arteries) (3) its tunica media abounds in elastic elements