Study Set Content:
contribute to the local and systemic reactions of inflammation
actions of TNF and IL-1
regulates energy balance by promoting lipid and protein mobilization and by
suppressing appetite
TNF
have been remarkably effective in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases
TNF antagonists
stimulate leukocyte attachment to endothelium by acting on leukocytes to increase the affinity of integrins, and they stimulate migration (chemotaxis)
In acute inflammation
Maintenance of tissue architecture
Homeostatic chemokines
acts primarily on neutrophils;
most important inducers are microbial products and other cytokines, mainly IL-1 and TNF
C-X-C Chemokines
IL-8 is now called?
CXCL8
generally attract monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes, but are less potent
chemoattractants for neutrophils
C-C Chemokines
relatively specific for lymphocytes.
C Chemokines
exists in two forms: a cell surface–bound protein induced on endothelial cells by
inflammatory cytokines that promotes strong adhesion of monocytes and T cells, and a soluble form derived by proteolysis of the membrane-bound protein that has potent chemoattractant activity for the same cells.
CX3C Chemokines
collection of plasma proteins that function mainly in host defense against
microbes and in pathologic inflammatory reactions
Complement System
the proteolysis of the third (and most abundant) component
activation
Most abundant component in the complement system
C3
C5a, C3a, and, to a lesser extent, C4a are called
anaphylatoxins
stimulate histamine release from mast cells
inflammation
C3b and its cleavage product inactive C3b (iC3b)
Opsonins
membrane attack complex on cells makes these cells permeable to water and ions and results
in osmotic lysis of the cells
Cell lysis
Three functions of Complement System
Inflammation, Opsonization and Phagocytosis, Cell lysis
The complement system has
C3, 3 pathways and 3 functions
blocks C1
C1 inhibitor
