Study Set Content:
NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS OF PLANT ORIGIN THAT ARE PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE BUT SOME ARE FOUND IN ANIMALS, FUNGI AND BACTERIA.
ALKALOIDS
ALKALI-LIKE”
ALKALOIDS
CONTAINS 1 OR MORE NITROGEN ATOMS (USUALLY IN
HETEROCYCLIC RING)
soluble in water
Insoluble or sparingly
() in ether, chloroform, or other non-polar immiscible solvents
soluble
mostly are crystalline powder, with a few in
liquid forms
ALKALOIDS Ends in
“ine”
Taste of Alkaloids
Bitter taste
well – defined crystalline substances
Alkaloids
✓ in the plants they may exist in the free state, as salts or as
Noxides.
in addition to the elements carbon, hydrogen & nitrogen, most alkaloids contain
Oxygen
– isolated narcotine, 1803
DEROSNE –
investigated opium and isolated morphine (1806,1816)
SERTURNER
solated strychnine & emetine (1817), brucine (1819), quinine & colchicine (1820)
PELLETIER & CAVENTOU –
ALKALOID YIELDING PLANTS
Leguminosae
▪ Papaveraceae
▪ Ranunculaceae
▪ Berberidaceae
▪ Solanaceae
▪ Rubiacea
Plants of the pea or bean family. • Family of flowering plants.
LEGUMINOSAE
Fabaceae or Papilionaceae
LEGUMINOSAE
Latin word which means, beans
faba
Poppy family • Lactiferous, producing latex, maybe milky or watery, coloured or plain.
PAPAVERACEAE
3rd largest land plant family
LEGUMINOSAE
