Study Set Content:
- Substances which upon dissolving in water reduce the concentration of hydronium ion and thus increase the basic properties of the solution.
Base
- are those capable of accepting one proton
Monoprotic bases
are those capable of accepting two protons
Diprotic Bases
a process whereby a proton is transferred from one molecule to another. (Protolytic Reaction)
Protolysis
a transfer of a proton from one molecule to another identical molecule (Autoprolytic Reaction)
Autoprotolysis
An acid and a base related to each other so that one is formed from gaining or losing of a proton, are said to be
conjugate with each other
a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
pH
- solutions with a high concentration of hydrogen ions have a low pH and solutions with a low concentrations of H+ ions have a high pH
- solutions with a high concentration of hydrogen ions have a low pH and solutions with a low concentrations of H+ ions have a high pH
H=
-log[H+] concentration
the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration
pOH
OH=
-log [OH-]
\= 10−pOH
\= 10−pOH
pH + pOH =
pKw
pH + pOH =
14
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Major Divisions:
- Qualitative
- Quantitative
- tests can be classified based on
- quantity of sample,
- sample desired,
- material used,
- and nature of the method
stoichiometric; chemical reactions
Classical Method
physical and chemical properties of the analyte; utilize instrumental techniques
Physico-Chemical / Instrumental Method
- Volumetric Analysis (Titrimetry)
- Gravimetry
Classical Method
- Spectroscopy
- Polarimetry
- Chromatography
Physico-Chemical / Instrumental Method
