Study Set Content:
are the key source of energy used by living things
Carbohydrates
Also serve as extracellular structural elements as in cell wall of bacteria and plant
Carbohydrate
Carbohydrates are defined as the
polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
Most , but not all carbohydrate have a formula
(CH2O)n
Most , but not all carbohydrate have a formula (CH2O)n (hence the name
hydrate of carbon)
Simple sugars ends with
–ose.
Simple carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Complex Carbohydrates
Disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides
Tetrose
C4 sugars
Pentose
C5 sugars
Hexose
C6 sugars
Heptose
C7 sugars
sugars having and aldehyde function or an acetal equivalent
Aldose
Sugars having a ketone function or an acetal equivalent
Ketose
Sugars oxidize by Tollen's reagent (or Benedict or Fehling's reagents)
Reducing
Sugar not oxidized by Tollen's or other reagents
Non-reducing
Monosaccharides contain one
monosaccharide unit
Simple sugar
one unit
contain two monosaccharide units.
Disaccharide
• Complex sugar
more than one
