Study Set Content:
All are silvery white metals with high reactivity; less soft and not as reactive as alkali metals
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
Mostly found in the earth’s crust in the form of their cations displayed in minerals and not as elemental metal, as they are very reactive
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
are harder and have a higher density than sodium and potassium and higher melting points. This is mostly due to the presence of two valence electrons and the resulting stronger metallic bond.
Earth alkaline metals
Chemical behavior is characterized by their strong reducing power
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
The metals are colored from grey (Be, Mg) to silver (Ca, Sr, Ba) and are soft
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
are passivated (make unreactive) and therefore kinetically inert to oxygen or water
Be and Mg
has to be stored under oil because of its reactivity
Barium
react similar to sodium, but are slightly less reactive
Metals such as calcium, strontium and barium
All the metals except (what) form oxides in air at room temperature once the reaction is started.
beryllium
is formed in the presence of nitrogen, and magnesium can burn in carbon dioxide, which means that magnesium fires cannot be extinguished by the use of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.
nitride compound
The oxides of alkaline earth metals have the general formula
MO and are generally basic
is formed by the ignition of beryllium metal in an oxygen atmosphere. The resulting solid is colorless and insoluble in water.
Beryllium oxide (BeO)
The corresponding metal carbonate or hydroxide is typically formed by the thermal decomposition.
Other group 2 oxides
are known for magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium but not for beryllium.
Peroxides
Beryllium reacts with aqueous alkali (NaOH) and forms
beryllium hydroxide, which is an amphoteric hydroxide.
describes compounds that can act as an acid and a base.
amphoteric
are sparingly soluble in water and the resulting aqueous solutions are mildly alkaline.
Magnesium and calcium hydroxides
Earth alkaline halides covalent
Anhydrous beryllium halides
Earth alkaline halides ionic
Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II)
are substances that absorb water from the surrounding air but do not become a liquid.
Hygroscopic compounds
