Study Set Content:
“GALAKTOS”
MILK
“OSE”
SUGAR
Synthesized by the body where it is formed associated with glycolipids and glycoproteins
GALACTOSE
A six carbon aldose epimeric WIH glucose but less sweet, occurring naturally in both
D- and L- forms (the latter in plants)
It is similar with glucose in its structure differing only in the position of one
hydroxyl group
The major dietary source of galactose is _____ which is a disaccharide formed from
one molecule of glucose + one of galactose
lactose
is found only in milk.
Lactose
D-GALACTOSE
L-GALACTOSE
Galactose is phosphorylated with ATP to produce Galactose 1-P with the help of the enzyme
galactokinase
Galactose 1-P is exchanged with UDP-Glucose to produce UDP-Galactose and Glucose 1-P with the enzyme
uridyl transferase.
UDP-Glucose is converted to UDP-Galactose which can undergo
transferase reaction again or vice versa (interconverted).
Glucose 1-P is then converted to Glucose 6-P by the enzyme
phosphoglucomutase
Classic _____ is a result of a deficiency in galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase.
Galactosemia
is cytotoxic and produces liver and neural
o damage.
Galactose 1-P
Galactose is also converted to _____ by aldose reductase, accumulation of galactitol in the lens causes osmotic and oxidative stress leading to cataracts as a result of denaturation and precipitation of lens crystalline.
Galactitol
FRUCTOSE MOLECULAR FORMULA
C6H12O6
Found in honey and many sweet fruits
FRUCTOSE
Used as a fluid and nutrient replenisher
FRUCTOSE
Other names
fruit sugar, d-fructose, levulose, d-arabino hexulose, d-frutofructanose
