Study Set Content:
is the first step which determines the onset of action, absorption, and availability of a drug preparation by all routes of administration (except intravenous) and peroral use of true solutions.
Liberation
For oral dosage forms such as Tablets and capsules,(blank)is achieved if the active ingredient will be released from its dosage form by disintegration process
liberation
Tablets or capsules taken (blank) remain one of the most effective means of treatment available.
orally
The effectiveness of such dosage forms relies on the drug dissolving in the fluids of the gastrointestinal tract prior to absorption into the
systemic circulation.
The rate of dissolution of the tablet or capsule is therefore
crucial
One of the problems facing the pharmaceutical industry is to optimize the amount of drug available to the body, i.e. its
bioavailability
Inadequacies in bioavailability can mean that the treatment is ineffective and at worst potentially (blank) (toxic overdose)
dangerous
Control Test for Tablets
1. Organoleptic evaluation
2. Assay for the active ingredient(s)
3. Thickness
4. Hardness/Tensile Strength
5. Friability
6. Uniformity of Dosage Units (Weight Variation or Content Uniformity)
7. Disintegration test
8. Dissolution test
9. ID tests for the active ingredient(s) and possible contaminants
10. Powder fineness/Micromeritics
11. Moisture content
12. Microbiological test
13. Storage condition and stability test
Official Tests:
Weight variation, disintegration, dissolution, drug content
Non-official Test:
: Hardness, Friability, Thickness, Organoleptic Characteristics
Many pharmaceutical tablets use (blank) as a vital means of rapid identification and consumer acceptance
color
The color of a product must be uniform within a single tablet. Non-uniformity is referred to as (blank) and hence it leads to poor quality of product.
“mottling”
How to distinguish the difference? Eyes Machines like:
• Reflectance spectrophotometry
• Tristimulus colorimetric measurements
• Micro reflectance photometer
The presence of odor in a batch of tablets could indicate stability problems, such as the odor of (blank)in degrading aspirin tablets.
acetic acid
However, the presence of an odor could be characteristics for the drug (blank), added ingredients (blank) or the dosage form (blank).
vitamins, flavoring agents, filmcoated tablet
It is important in consumer acceptance of, especially chewable tablets.
Taste
Tablets level of flaws such as:
Chips, cracks, contamination from foreign solid substances, and surface texture
Taste Method of Detection
Visual Inspection Techniques and Electronic Devices
Important in reproducing tablets identical in appearance, but also to ensure that every production lot will be usable with selected packaging components.
Tablet Thickness Test
Also used as counting mechanism using filling equipment.
Tablet Thickness Test
