Study Set Content:
is used for armor plating
magnesium-lithium alloy
are used in aircraft, bicycle frames and high-speed trains
aluminum-lithium alloys
has a narrow therapeutic window
Lithium
Toxic effects include tremors in the fingers, renal impairment and convulsion, memory problems
Lithium
Do not take together with NSAIDs and diuretics
Lithium
Latin name ‘natrium’
SODIUM
is derived from the English word
‘natrium’
soft metal that tarnishes within seconds of being exposed to the air; reacts vigorously with water.
SODIUM
are soluble in water and therefore present in large quantities in the oceans
Sodium ions
Biological role of sodium ions
maintenance of body fluids in humans (via osmoregulation) • functioning of neurons and transmission of nerve impulses • important electrolyte of the extracellular fluid • Muscle contraction
account for over 90% of all ions in the plasma and interstitial fluid
Sodium ions
Most abundant cation in the extracellular fluid (controls extracellular volume)
Sodium ions
play a role in the regulation of fluid level as well as filtration, secretion and reabsorption of sodium ions in the nephrons
Kidneys
can sense a decrease in blood pressure and Na+ concentration
Kidneys
establish osmotic gradients in the body which in turn is crucial in controlling water balance
Sodium ions
‘kalium’
POTASSIUM
POTASSIUM derived from the English word
'potash
soft, silvery metal that tarnishes in air within minutes; Elemental potassium reacts violently with water
POTASSIUM
predominant in the intracellular fluid.
POTASSIUM
The greatest demand for potassium compounds is in
Fertilizers
